All energy sources that exist on Earth comes from the Sun. Most of the energy in the form of short-wave radiation, including visible light. When this energy is reached Earth's surface, he changed from light into heat that warms the Earth. Earth's surface, will absorb some heat and reflecting back the rest. Some of this heat is tangible long-wave infrared radiation into space. But some of the heat remains trapped in the Earth's atmosphere due to accumulated amount of greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane which trap the waves of this radiation. These gases absorb and reflect back the radiation emitted wave and consequently the Earth's heat is stored in the Earth's surface. This situation occurs continuously, resulting in an annual average temperature of the earth continues to rise.

Visible spectrum

Visible spectrum (in English: Visible spectrum) is part of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the human eye. Electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range is referred to as visible light or light alone. There is no exact limit of the optical spectrum; the normal human eye will be able to receive the wavelength from 400 to 700 nm, although some people may receive a wavelength of 380 to 780 nm (or in the terahertz frequency 790-400). Eyes that have adapted to the light usually has a maximum sensitivity around 555 nm, in the green region of the optical spectrum. Mixing colors like pink or purple, not present in this spectrum because these colors will only be obtained by mixing a few wavelengths.
The wavelength of the visible spectral range defined by the optical window, the electromagnetic spectrum that passes through Earth's atmosphere almost without experiencing any reduction in the intensity or very little (although dipencarkan blue light more than red light, one reason the sky is blue). Electromagnetic radiation outside the optical wavelength range, or other transmission window, is almost entirely absorbed by the atmosphere. It said optical window because the man can not reach from the outside of the optical spectrum. Infrared is located just outside the optical window, but can not be seen by human eyes.

Many species are able to see wavelengths beyond the optical window. Bees and other insects can see ultraviolet light, which helps them to find nectar in flowers. Plant species depend on pollination by insects, so that greatly contributed to their reproductive success is the presence of ultraviolet light, not the color of flowers to show that to people. Birds also can see ultraviolet (300-400 nm).

The colors in the spectrum
Although the optical spectrum is a continuous spectrum, so there are no clear boundaries between one color with another color, the following table gives approximately the limit to the colors of the spectrum:
purple 380-450 nm
blue 450-495 nm
Green 495-570 nm
Yellow 570-590 nm
orange 590-620 nm
red 620-750 nm
pink 1000-000 nm

Infared

 

Infrared is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than visible light, but shorter than radio waves radiation. His name means "below red" (from the Latin infra, "below"), red is the color of visible light with the longest wavelengths. Infrared radiation has a range of three "orders" and has a wavelength between 700 nm and 1 mm. Infrared was discovered by accident by Sir William Herschell, the British astronomer royal while he was conducting research to find an optical filter material that will be used to reduce the image brightness of the sun in the solar telescope.

caracteristich

     - can not be seen by humans
     -  can not penetrate the material that is opaque
     - can be caused by components that generate heat
     - At infrared wavelengths have the opposite relation or inversely proportional to temperature. When the temperature increases, so wavelength decreases.

 

These types based on infrared wavelengths

 

    -  Near infrared wavelength range 0.75 - 1.5 μm
    -  Mid-infrared range with a wavelength of 1.50 - 10 μm
    -  Infrared distance with a wavelength of 10-100 μm

Infrared usefulness in life
Activates water molecules in the body. This is due to the infrared having the same vibration of water molecules. Thus, when the molecule is broken it will form a single molecule that can increase the body's fluids.
     Improve microcirculation. Bergetarnya water molecules and the effect will generate infrared heat which causes capillaries to dilate, and increase skin temperature, improve blood circulation and reducing heart pressure.
     Increase metabolism. if the micro-circulation in the body increases, the toxins can be removed from our body through metabolism. This can reduce the burden of liver and kidney.
     Ph develop in the body. Infrared light can purify blood, improve skin texture and prevent arthritis due to high uric acid.
     Infrared remote widely used in medical equipment. Radiant heat of infrared rays emitted from the organs of the body can be used as information for health conditions such organs. This is very useful for doctors in the diagnosis of the patient's condition so that he can make decisions appropriate action with the patient's condition. In addition, radiant heat in a certain intensity is believed to be used for the healing process of diseases such as smallpox. Examples of the use of infrared into the current trend is the existence of health bracelet Bio Fir. By utilizing the infrared remote, the bracelet can be fought in cleansing the body and the eradication of germs or bacteria.

the field of communication

A system of infrared sensors. This sensor system basically uses infrared as the communication medium that connects between the two devices. Application of infrared sensor system is very useful as a remote control, security alarms, and automation systems. The transmitter in this system consists of an LED (lightemitting Diode) infra red which has been equipped with a circuit that is capable of generating data to be sent via infrared beams, whereas at the receiver there is usually a photo transistor, photodiode, or modulation infrared beam that serves to receive transmitted by infrared transmitter.
    The existence of cameras that utilize transparent to infrared light. Infrared rays can not be captured by the unaided human eye, but the infrared rays can be captured by digital cameras or video camcorders. With the technology in the form of a filter iR PF functioning as a successor to infrared light, the camera or video capability is enhanced. This technology has also been applied to the camera phone
    For imaging such a view nightscoop
    Infrared is used for short range communications, such as the TV remote. Infrared waves is easy to manufacture, relatively cheap, can not penetrate walls or dark objects, as well as having a high power fluctuations and can diinterfensi by sunlight.
    As a communication device remote control. Infrared can work with the distance is not too far away (approximately 10 meters and there are no obstructions)
    As one of the standardization of wireless communications. Thus, the infrared can be said to be one form of connectivity that a wireless device that is used to mengubungkan or transfer data from one device to another parangkat. The use of infrared is like this we can see in cell phones and laptops that have infrared applications. When we want to send files to the phone, then the infrastructure must be confronted with an infrared module to the PC. During the delivery process takes place, there should be no other objects that block. Infrared function on mobile phones and laptops run through technology IrDA (Infra Red Data Acquition). IrDA was formed with the aim to develop a communication system via infrared.